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Sūrah 37 · Āyāt 114138

The verses

  1. 114

    وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ وَهَٰرُونَ

    Certainly We favoured Moses and Aaron,

  2. 115

    وَنَجَّيْنَٰهُمَا وَقَوْمَهُمَا مِنَ ٱلْكَرْبِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ

    and delivered them and their people from their great distress,

  3. 116

    وَنَصَرْنَٰهُمْ فَكَانُوا۟ هُمُ ٱلْغَٰلِبِينَ

    and We helped them so that they became the victors.

  4. 117

    وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُمَا ٱلْكِتَٰبَ ٱلْمُسْتَبِينَ

    We gave them the illuminating scripture

  5. 118

    وَهَدَيْنَٰهُمَا ٱلصِّرَٰطَ ٱلْمُسْتَقِيمَ

    and guided them to the straight path,

  6. 119

    وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِمَا فِى ٱلْءَاخِرِينَ

    and left for them a good name in posterity.

  7. 120

    سَلَٰمٌ عَلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ وَهَٰرُونَ

    ‘Peace be to Moses and Aaron!’

  8. 121

    إِنَّا كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

    Thus indeed do We reward the virtuous.

  9. 122

    إِنَّهُمَا مِنْ عِبَادِنَا ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

    They are indeed among Our faithful servants.

  10. 123

    وَإِنَّ إِلْيَاسَ لَمِنَ ٱلْمُرْسَلِينَ

    Indeed Ilyas was one of the apostles.

  11. 124

    إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِۦٓ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ

    When he said to his people, ‘Will you not be Godwary?

  12. 125

    أَتَدْعُونَ بَعْلًۭا وَتَذَرُونَ أَحْسَنَ ٱلْخَٰلِقِينَ

    Do you invoke Baal and abandon the best of creators,

  13. 126

    ٱللَّهَ رَبَّكُمْ وَرَبَّ ءَابَآئِكُمُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ

    Allah, your Lord and Lord of your forefathers?,’

  14. 127

    فَكَذَّبُوهُ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَمُحْضَرُونَ

    they impugned him. So they will indeed be mustered [in hell]

  15. 128

    إِلَّا عِبَادَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلْمُخْلَصِينَ

    —[all] except Allah’s exclusive servants.

  16. 129

    وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِى ٱلْءَاخِرِينَ

    We left for him a good name in posterity.

  17. 130

    سَلَٰمٌ عَلَىٰٓ إِلْ يَاسِينَ

    ‘Peace be to Ilyas!’

  18. 131

    إِنَّا كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

    Thus indeed do We reward the virtuous.

  19. 132

    إِنَّهُۥ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ

    He is indeed one of Our faithful servants.

  20. 133

    وَإِنَّ لُوطًۭا لَّمِنَ ٱلْمُرْسَلِينَ

    Indeed Lot was one of the apostles.

  21. 134

    إِذْ نَجَّيْنَٰهُ وَأَهْلَهُۥٓ أَجْمَعِينَ

    When We delivered him and all his family,

  22. 135

    إِلَّا عَجُوزًۭا فِى ٱلْغَٰبِرِينَ

    excepting an old woman among those who remained behind,

  23. 136

    ثُمَّ دَمَّرْنَا ٱلْءَاخَرِينَ

    We destroyed the rest.

  24. 137

    وَإِنَّكُمْ لَتَمُرُّونَ عَلَيْهِم مُّصْبِحِينَ

    Indeed you pass by them at dawn

  25. 138

    وَبِٱلَّيْلِ ۗ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ

    and at night. Do you not exercise your reason?

English translation: Ali Quli Qarai

✦ Synthesisopus-4.8every claim cited to a source below

Al-Ṣāffāt 114–138 — Moses and Aaron, Elias, and Lot

What the passage says. God recalls His favour upon Moses and Aaron: He delivered them and their people from the great distress, aided them to victory, gave them "the clarifying Book," guided them on the straight path, and left a lasting salutation upon them (vv. 114–122). Then Elias, who called his people from the idol "Baʿl" to "the best of creators, God your Lord and the Lord of your first fathers"; they belied him — save the sincere — and God left upon him too a salutation, "peace be upon Ilyāsīn" (vv. 123–132). Then Lot, saved with all his family but "an old woman among those who lingered," his people annihilated — ruins the Arabs "pass by, morning and night" (vv. 133–138); the roll continues into Jonah in the next passage.

How the present sources read it. On Moses and Aaron, al-Ṭabāṭabāʾī notes a fine ordering — deliverance named before victory — because "victory" presupposes some strength completed by aid (fitting the Israelites at the exodus), while their rescue from bondage, when they were powerless, suits "deliverance" alone. All four Arabic sources gloss "the clarifying Book" as the Torah and "the straight path" as the road to truth (Qatāda: al-islām).

On Elias, the sources debate his identity (Idrīs, per Ibn Masʿūd and Qatāda; or of Aaron's line, sent to Baʿlabakk) and gloss "Baʿl" as an idol — al-Qummī preserving the Bedouin anecdote that the word itself means "owner/lord." al-Ṭabāṭabāʾī recounts the long legend of Elias (from Wahb and al-Thaʿlabī) but flatly judges it weak, and reads Elias's summons as a compact proof that the Creator is also the Governor, and Lord of all peoples alike. The passage's most distinctive reading is "peace be upon Ilyāsīn." al-Qummī, al-Baḥrānī and al-Ṭabāṭabāʾī all carry the Imāmī gloss — from al-Ṣādiq, al-Riḍā, Ibn ʿAbbās, al-Suddī and the reading of ʿUmar ("Āl Yāsīn") — that Yā-Sīn is Muḥammad and Āl Yāsīn is the Family of Muḥammad; al-Baḥrānī gives al-Riḍā's full argument before al-Maʾmūn (God salutes prophets by name, but here salutes a "family," namely Muḥammad's), and even al-Bāqir's Syriac prayer of Elias in prostration. al-Ṭūsī notes the same construct-reading ("āl Yāsīn") alongside al-Jubbāʾī's "people of the Qurʾān," and treats the plural reading "Ilyāsīn" (Elias and his followers). Every one of these readings is given strictly as its source attributes it.

On Lot, the four sources agree the spared "old woman" is his wife, left among the doomed, and that "you pass by them morning and night" addresses the Meccans who traverse the ruined towns on the Syria road — al-Baḥrānī adding al-Ṣādiq's reading that one "passes by them in the Qurʾān" whenever their story is recited. al-Mīzān's units here are coarse (114–132 and 133–148); the second runs into Jonah, whose treatment is carried into passage 5.

The tafsīr (6 sources)