وَإِن يَرَوْا۟ كِسْفًۭا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ سَاقِطًۭا يَقُولُوا۟ سَحَابٌۭ مَّرْكُومٌۭ
Were they to see a fragment falling from the sky, they would say, ‘A cumulous cloud.’
فَذَرْهُمْ حَتَّىٰ يُلَٰقُوا۟ يَوْمَهُمُ ٱلَّذِى فِيهِ يُصْعَقُونَ
So leave them until they encounter the day when they will be thunderstruck,
يَوْمَ لَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُمْ كَيْدُهُمْ شَيْـًۭٔا وَلَا هُمْ يُنصَرُونَ
the day when their guile will not avail them in any way, nor will they be helped.
وَإِنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ عَذَابًۭا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
Indeed there is a punishment besides that for those who do wrong, but most of them do not know.
وَٱصْبِرْ لِحُكْمِ رَبِّكَ فَإِنَّكَ بِأَعْيُنِنَا ۖ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ حِينَ تَقُومُ
So submit patiently to the judgement of your Lord, for indeed you fare before Our eyes. And celebrate the praise of your Lord when you rise [at dawn],
وَمِنَ ٱلَّيْلِ فَسَبِّحْهُ وَإِدْبَٰرَ ٱلنُّجُومِ
and also glorify Him during the night and at the receding of the stars.
English translation: Ali Quli Qarai
The sura closes by turning the Prophet from the deniers: leave them until they meet their Day in which they will be thunderstruck, when their plotting will avail nothing and they will not be helped; a further punishment short of that awaits the wrongdoers, though most do not know; and the Prophet is commanded, be patient for the judgement of your Lord, for you are before Our eyes, and glorify with the praise of your Lord when you arise, and in the night, and at the retreat of the stars.
al-Mizan reads the Day they are thunderstruck as the blowing of the Trumpet at the Resurrection (cf. 39:68) — supported by the failure of plot and help, which belongs to that Day — and answers the objection (only the living swoon) by noting that all in the world and the barzakh are struck; it sets aside the readings that make it Badr or the day of death as ill-fitting the sura's threat of Resurrection-punishment. The punishment short of that it takes most likely as the punishment of the grave, reading most of them do not know to imply that some do know yet persist. On you are before Our eyes, both al-Mizan and al-Tabarsi/al-Tusi give the two senses — in Our sight (nothing hidden, no neglect) and in Our keeping — the former reinforcing the command to patience.
al-Tabarsi and al-Tusi canvass the disagreement over the punishment short of that: the slaying at Badr (Ibn ʿAbbas), the punishment of the grave (Ibn ʿAbbas, al-Baraʾ), seven years' famine (Mujahid), or the world's calamities (Ibn Zayd). On the closing command they list the seven views on when you arise (from sleep, from the nap, from a gathering, to prayer, and so on) and identify in the night with the night prayer and the retreat of the stars with the two rakʿas before dawn — al-Tabarsi adding the report from al-Baqir and al-Sadiq that the Prophet rose thrice nightly, recited the closing verses of Al ʿImran, then prayed. On the prayer-timings the Imami reports converge: al-Qummi and al-Bahrani carry al-Rida's word that idbar al-sujud is four rakʿas after the Maghrib and idbar al-nujum two before dawn.
Two Imami readings are rendered strictly as-attributed and flagged. On v.47, both al-Qummi and al-Bahrani gloss those who did wrong as those who wronged the Family of Muhammad of their right — an interpolation into the verse's wording — and read a punishment short of that as the Return (al-rajʿa) by the sword; this tahrif-adjacent addition and its rajʿa doctrine are noted for review. al-Bahrani further attaches to v.44 an eclipse-etiquette narration (from Tibb al-Aʾimma) in which the Prophet abstains from intimacy during a lunar eclipse lest he resemble the heedless the verse reproaches.